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Linux Server Software

Linux Server Software: the most useful applications for Web, database, email, ftp, etc..

Most useful work on a server is done by some kind of server software:

  • Web (i.e. Apache)
  • Database (MySQL)
  • Application (LAMP - i.e Moin Moin)
  • FTP (i.e. vsftpd)
  • Network File System
  • Email (i.e. Postfix)
  • Etc.

Installing Apache

sudo apt-get install apache2

Apache is installed in /etc/apache2.


File/Directory  Description
apache2.conf The main Apache2 configuration file. Contains settings that are global to Apache2.
conf.d  Contains configuration files which apply globally to Apache. Other packages that use Apache2 to serve content may add files, or symlinks, to this directory.
envars  File where Apache2 environment variables are set.
httpd.conf  Historically the main Apache2 configuration file, named after the httpd daemon.The file can be used for user specific configuration options that globally effect Apache2.
mods-available This directory contains configuration files to both load modules and configure them.
mods-enabled Holds symlinks to the files in /etc/apache2/mods-available.
ports.conf Houses the directives that determine which TCP ports Apache2 is listening on.
sites-available This directory has configuration files for Apache Virtual Hosts.Virtual Hosts allow
Apache2 to be configured for multiple sites that have separate configurations.
sites-enabled Like mods-enabled, sites-enabled contains symlinks to the /etc/apache2/sites-available direct



Virtual hosts listing

/etc/apache2/sites-available/site_name

<VirtualHost *:80>
	ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
	DocumentRoot /var/www
<Directory />
	Options FollowSymLinks
	AllowOverride None
</Directory>
<Directory /var/www/>
	Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
	AllowOverride None
	Order allow,deny
	allow from all
</Directory>
	ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
<Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
	AllowOverride None
	Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
	Order allow,deny
	Allow from all
</Directory>
ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log
	# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
	# alert, emerg.
	LogLevel warn
	CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

 

Multiple sites

Apache supports multiple sites on the same machine.
Assign sites by port number, sub-domain, directory name, or any combination of the above.

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

After any configuration changes,restart Apache


Installing MySQL

sudo apt-get install mysql-server

authentication module

sudo netstat -tap | grep mysql

After installation, check mysql deamon is running
To restart: 

sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart

To configure:

sudo vi /etc/mysql/my.cnf

 

Create a new database and user

Log on as root (asks for -p password):

mysql -u root

Create a new database: 

create database myDB;

Create a new user for the new database:

grant all privileges on myDB.* to ‘newuser’@‘localhost’identified by ‘newpassword’with grant option;

To verify this worked, exit and logon as the new user (no error messages mean all good):

exit;
mysql -u newuser -p #asks for password
use myDB;

Help on installing the whole Lamp:

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/ApacheMySQLPHP